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The main objective of this research was to identify the impact of work stress on employees' turnover intentions and explore the potential mediating role of job burnout in three- and four-star hotels in Egyptian destinations. The study hypothesized that work stress directly affects turnover intentions and indirectly through job burnout. Additionally, it assumed that work stress also impacts job burnout, which, in turn, affects turnover intentions.
the research hypotheses were as follows:
H1: Work stress significantly affects employees' turnover intentions in hotels. H2: Work stress significantly affects job burnout in hotels. H3: Job burnout significantly affects employees' turnover intentions in hotels. H4: Job burnout significantly and positively mediates the relationship between work stress and employees' turnover intentions.
The findings revealed a significant positive effect of work stress on turnover intentions among hotel employees, consistent with prior studies. Moreover, the study confirmed a causal relationship between work stress and job burnout, with work stress significantly and positively affecting job burnout.The research also showed that job burnout has a significant positive impact on turnover intentions, indicating that higher job burnout is associated with increased turnover intentions among employees.
Regarding the mediating role of job burnout, the study suggested that job burnout partially mediates the relationship between work stress and turnover intentions. This finding supports previous research in different contexts, indicating that prolonged or excessive work stress can lead to emotional exhaustion, ultimately influencing employees' voluntary turnover.
This research study collected data through a self-administered questionnaire, developed using standardized measures from the literature. The questionnaire consisted of four sections: demographic data, perceptions of work stress, job burnout, and turnover intentions.
The work stress scale was based on Rizzo et al.'s work and consisted of 14 items measured on a five-point Likert scale. The job burnout scale was a modified version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey (MBI-GS), containing nine items measured on a five-point Likert scale. Turnover intentions were assessed using a three-item scale based on Abdou et al.
The questionnaire was initially prepared in English and then translated into Arabic for the participants. Face validity was confirmed by hospitality academics, and a pilot study was conducted to ensure the questionnaire's appropriateness and clarity.
The sampling technique used was convenience sampling, with a sample size of 279 participants from three- and four-star hotels in Egypt. Data collection occurred over two months from January to March 2022.
Data analysis included descriptive statistics for demographic data and study constructs. Common method variance was assessed using Harman's single-factor test. The reliability and validity of the measurement items were examined through confirmatory factor analysis, Cronbach's alpha, average variance extracted (AVE), and composite reliability (CR). Discriminant validity was evaluated using Fornell-Larcker criterion and Heterotrait-Monotrait ratio (HTMT).Finally, structural equation modeling (SEM) with bootstrapping was used to analyze the relationships and directions between the study hypotheses.
Work Stress and Turnover Intentions: The study revealed a significant positive effect of work stress on turnover intentions among hotel employees. This finding is consistent with prior research, showing that higher perceived work stress is associated with greater intentions to quit their jobs.
Work Stress and Job Burnout: The study confirmed a causal relationship between work stress and job burnout. Employees' job burnout was found to be significantly and positively affected by work stress. This result aligns with previous studies that demonstrated the impact of work stress on job burnout in the hotel industry.Job Burnout and Turnover Intentions: The findings indicated that job burnout has a significant positive impact on turnover intentions. Employees experiencing higher levels of job burnout are more likely to consider leaving their current jobs.
Mediating Role of Job Burnout: Job burnout was found to partially mediate the relationship between work stress and turnover intentions. This suggests that prolonged or excessive work stress can lead to emotional exhaustion, which, in turn, influences employees' intentions to leave their jobs.
Overall, the study confirms that work stress and job burnout are crucial predictors of turnover intentions among hotel employees. The higher the perceived work stress, the greater the job burnout and turnover intentions. Understanding and addressing these factors can help organizations in the hotel industry develop strategies to retain employees and improve overall employee well-being.
The research review emphasizes the significant impact of work stress on employees' job burnout and turnover intentions in the hotel industry. Work stress is characterized by negative emotional states and the inability to cope with work pressure, leading to job burnout, reduced job satisfaction, and decreased productivity.
The accumulated stress and burnout contribute to employees' desire to leave their current jobs and search for less demanding opportunities in other hotels.
To address these challenges, the study recommends identifying the causes of work pressures and taking measures to alleviate them. Distributing tasks equally and ensuring organizational justice in hotel work can help reduce the severity of job burnout and improve employee satisfaction.
Creating a work environment that aligns with employees' living conditions can discourage turnover intentions and motivate employees to stay committed to their current positions.For sustaining a competent and qualified workforce, hotel management must recognize the value of employees' contributions and prioritize their well-being.
Supporting employees during times of decreased performance and allowing them to pursue their work with flexibility and understanding can foster a positive work environment.In conclusion, understanding and managing work stress and job burnout are crucial for retaining skilled employees and promoting a healthy and productive work atmosphere in the hotel industry. By implementing the recommendations from this study, hotels can enhance employee satisfaction, reduce turnover intentions, and foster a motivated and engaged workforce.
Understanding the Impact of Work Stress: The study provides a deeper understanding of the impact of work stress on employees' well-being and job outcomes. It highlights how work stress can lead to job burnout, reduced job satisfaction, and ultimately, the intention to leave the job.
Importance of Employee Well-being: The research underscores the significance of employee well-being in the hospitality industry. It shows that managing work stress and promoting a positive work environment are essential for retaining talented employees and improving overall organizational performance.
Role of Job Burnout in Turnover Intentions: The study reveals the mediating role of job burnout in the relationship between work stress and turnover intentions. It emphasizes the importance of addressing job burnout to reduce turnover rates and improve employee retention.
Organizational Justice and Task Distribution: Insights from the study highlight the need for fair task distribution and organizational justice in the workplace. Treating employees equitably and providing support can mitigate work stress and enhance job satisfaction.
Employee Happiness and Productivity: The research suggests that employees' happiness and well-being are linked to their productivity and commitment to the organization. Supporting employees during challenging times and allowing them to balance work with personal life can positively impact their performance.
Employee Turnover as a Reflection of Workplace Conditions: The study underscores that high turnover rates can be indicative of underlying workplace conditions, such as work stress and job burnout. Addressing these factors can lead to a more stable and engaged workforce.
Salama, W., Abdou, A. H., Mohamed, S. A. K., & Shehata, H. S. (2022). Impact of Work Stress and Job Burnout on Turnover Intentions among Hotel Employees. International journal of environmental research and public health, 19(15), 9724. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19159724
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9368148/

SUHAID HUSSAIN
CONSULTANT PSYCHOLOGIST ‖ ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT